Setup
DNS
At this point I got a domain name from namecheap.com and pointed it to this IP. > My Account > Manage Domains > Modify Domain > All Host Records
hostname: @ ip address/url: record type: A (Address)
hostname: www ip address/url: alaning.me. record type: CNAME (Alias)
In DNS an A record maps a hostname (eg alaning.me) to an IP
a CNAME record maps one hostname (eg www.alaning.me) to another hostname (eg alaning.me.)
this means that going to the address www.alaning.me has the same effect as going to alaning.me
Setting it up
Software: MediaWiki, Wordpress
This installs everything I used
sudo apt-get install apache2 php5 mysql-server php5-mysql
apache2 - web server php5 - server-side scripting language mysql-server - database server php5-mysql - allows php scripts to connect to mysql database
you will be prompted to enter a mysql root password, note this down as this will be used later
after install must reload apache (important: things didn't work correctly because I didn't do this).
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 reload
then to test php works correctly go into the web directory
cd /var/www sudo echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/info.php
and view this file here: http://alaning.me/info.php (I've taken it down already).
Installing MediaWiki
now to clear everything in the web directory, download and extract mediawiki Grab the latest download link from http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Download
cd /var/www sudo su rm index.* wget http://download.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/1.20/mediawiki-1.21.1.tar.gz tar zxvf mediawiki-1.21.1.tar.gz mv mediawiki-1.21.1/* ./ rm -r mediawiki-1.21.1/
webbrowser go to http://alaning.me follow the instructions
>Could not find GD library or ImageMagick.
sudo apt-get install imagemagick
now you download your LocalSettings.php open it and copy everything paste the contents of your LocalSettings.php file in to a new file on your vim LocalSettings.php (while in /var/www) vim is a command line based editor, type i to go into insert mode, paste (using your shortcut keys), type :wq! to save and quit after finished tried to go to http://alaning.me I decided to allow image and file uploads
>File uploads potentially expose your server to security risks. For more information, read the security section in the manual. >To enable file uploads, change the mode on the images subdirectory under MediaWiki's root directory so that the web server can write to it. Then enable this option. chmod -R 777 images/
MediaWiki installed, now Wordpress
things to note
- unix permissions
- vim
Lock Down Mediawiki
Add to LocalSettings.php
# Prevent new user registrations except by sysops $wgGroupPermissions['*']['createaccount'] = false; # Disable anonymous editing $wgGroupPermissions['*']['edit'] = false;
http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Preventing_access $wgShowIPinHeader = false; $wgDisableCounters = true;
Installing WordPress
make a blog dir mkdir /var/www/blog cd /var/www/blog grab the latest Wordpress here: http://wordpress.org/download/ download extract move so the wordpress files are in blog folder go to http://alaning.me/blog and follow instructions Then I ran into a database error. Namely, I had to create a database called 'wordpress'
$mysql -u root -p Enter password: >create database wordpress; >exit
sub domain
vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/blog.alaning.me
- With the following content (modify it according to your needs)
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerName blog.alaning.me DocumentRoot /var/www/blog.alaning.me <Directory /var/www/blog.alaning.me> AllowOverride All </Directory> <Location /> Order Allow,Deny Allow from All </Location> </VirtualHost>
- 6 Enable the vhost
a2ensite alaning.me
---
then continue with the webpage form. entering mysql user=root and password that was created before. Got an error: Sorry, but I can't write the wp-config.php file. You can create the wp-config.php manually and paste the following text into it. So copy everything vim wp-config.php i for insert mode and paste it in The "Run the install" should all work, login and now you're in wp-admin
things to note
- mysql and commands
Change the permalink structure
Settings > Permalinks Custom Structure: /%year%/%postname%/
Save it and it shows a complaint that my .htaccess isn't writeable. to fix do
cd /var/www/blog (where wordpress is installed) touch .htaccess chmod -v 666 .htaccess
Try saving it again. Go to the home page and click on the Hello World entry. You'll get a Not Found error.
things to note
- .htaccess
I had so much problems with this until I figured out how to fix it. Basically the idea is that some urls, for example: http://alaning.me/blog/2012/hello-world/, do not correspond to a physical directory on the server (ie. there is a folder called blog at /var/www/blog but there isn't a /var/www/blog/2012 or /var/www/blog/2012/hello-world). What is means is that the webserver must rewrite a url like http://alaning.me/blog/2012/hello-world/ to become http://alaning.me/blog/?p=123 so that even though the users visited the first link, the actual content comes from the second. This is done in apache by using mod_rewrite. http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html Enabling mod_rewrite assuming apache2 installed do
$a2enmod rewrite
then edit
# cat /etc/apache2/sites-available/blog.alaning.me <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName blog.alaning.me DocumentRoot /var/www/blog.alaning.me <Directory /var/www/blog.alaning.me> AllowOverride All </Directory> <Location /> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews </Location> </VirtualHost> # cat /etc/apache2/sites-available/alaning.me <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName alaning.me ServerAlias www.alaning.me DocumentRoot /var/www/alaning.me <Directory /var/www/alaning.me> AllowOverride All </Directory> <Location /> Order Allow,Deny Allow from All </Location> </VirtualHost>
then restart apache2 so that it reloads from the config file
service apache2 restart
things to note
- apache2 modules (mod_rewrite)
- apache virtual hosts
wordpress upgrades and updates
chmod -R 777 wp-content
no ftp needed
done!
apache rewriteengine mod
/var/www/alaning.me/blog# cat .htaccess RewriteEngine on RewriteRule (.*) http://blog.alaning.me/$1 [R=301,L]
moves http://alaning.me/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/if-you-can.png
to http://blog.alaning.me/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/if-you-can.png
SSH key setup
ssh-keygen -t rsa cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh b@B 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'
Put the public key in .ssh/authorized_keys2
Change the permissions of .ssh to 700
Change the permissions of .ssh/authorized_keys2 to 640
sudo chmod 755 ~/.ssh
sudo chmod 644 ~/.ssh/known_hosts
sudo chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
sudo chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
Permissions 0744 for '/home/geek/.ssh/id_rsa' are too open.
For multiple keys and hosts
.ssh/config: Host myshortname realname.example.com Hostname realname.example.com IdentityFile ~/.ssh/realname_rsa # private key for realname Host myother realname2.example.org Hostname realname2.example.org IdentityFile ~/.ssh/realname2_rsa
Web server Permissions
find what apache is running as (usually www-data)
ps aux | grep apache
find /var/www/ -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 755 find /var/www/ -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 644
webserver: www-data
chown www-data:www-data -R /var/www/
this would make just your wp-content directory writable by the webserver. You will have to change those names/webroots to your situation. This should push you in the right direction.